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CT Scanning
CT scanning (computerized axial tomography) – sometimes called CAT scanning—is a noninvasive, painless medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions.
CT imaging uses special x-ray equipment to produce multiple images or pictures of the inside of the body and a computer to join them together in cross-sectional views of the area being studied. The images can then be examined on a computer monitor or printed.
CT scans differ from conventional x ray by collecting x rays that have passed through the body (those not absorbed by tissue) with an electronic detector mounted on a rotating frame rather than on film. The x-ray source and collector rotate around the patient as they emit and absorb x rays. CT technology then utilizes advanced computer-based mathematical algorithms to combine different readings or views of a patient into a coherent picture usable for diagnosis.
A sophisticated computer system calculates and analyzes data from each detector and reconstructs multiple two-dimensional cross-sectional images. An X-Ray source and a CT detector rotate around the patient to obtain each cross-sectional image.
CT images represent density and the atomic number of human tissue just like a general X-Ray image. On a CT scan, the denser the tissue and the higher the atomic number, the whiter the CT image: bone and calcium appear white; air in lungs appears black; water, blood and internal organs, such as liver, kidneys, and brain appear gray; and fat tissue appears dark gray.
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Related topics - MRI – Magnetic Resonance Imaging, X-Ray, Nuclear Medicine
